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Methanol Market Size

The global methanol market size was valued at USD 32.26 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow from USD 34.16 billion in 2025 to USD 53.23 billion by 2033, exhibiting a CAGR of 5.9% during the forecast period (2025-2033).

Methanol (CH3OH), also known as wood alcohol or methyl alcohol, is a colorless, flammable, volatile, organic chemical compound with a distinctive alcoholic odor. It freezes at -97.6°C, boils at 64.6°C and has a density of 0.791 kilograms (kg) per cubic metre at 20°C. It's the simplest aliphatic hydrocarbons and is made up of a methyl group and an alcohol group. Methanol is a chemical building block for many everyday products, including paints, plastics, car parts, and construction materials. It’s also used as a clean energy resource to fuel cars, trucks, buses, ships, fuel cells, boilers, and cook stoves. Around 98 million tons (Mt) are produced per annum, nearly all of which is produced from fossil fuels (either natural gas or coal). The life-cycle emissions from current methanol production and use are around 0.3 gigatones (Gt) CO2 per annum (about 10% of total chemical sector emissions). Under current trends, production could rise to 500 Mt per annum by 2050, releasing 1.5 Gt CO2 per annum if solely sourced from fossil fuels.

Bio-methanol is produced from biomass feedstocks like forestry and agricultural waste and by-products, biogas from landfill, sewage, municipal solid waste (MSW) and black liquor from the pulp and paper industry. Production of methanol from biomass and from CO2 and H2 does not involve experimental technologies. Almost identical proven and fully commercial technologies are used to make methanol from fossil fuel-based syngas and can be used for bio- and e-methanol production. Green e-methanol is obtained by using CO2 captured from renewable sources (bioenergy with carbon capture and storage [BECCS] and direct air capture [DAC]) and green hydrogen, i.e. hydrogen produced with renewable electricity. Less than 0.2 Mt of renewable methanol is produced annually, mostly as bio-methanol.

Table: Global Methanol Company Market Share %, 2024

The market is moderately fragmented in nature with top 5 players accounting for less than 55% of the market share. The mergers & acquisitions happening in the industry can move the market towards moderate consolidation in the near future which is a nominal trend observed where companies engage in the mergers and acquisition of companies for expanding their business span across borders.

• For instance, in 2024, Methanex Corporation entered into a definitive agreement to acquire OCI Global’s (“OCI”) international methanol business for USD 2.05 billion. The transaction includes OCI’s interest in two world-scale methanol facilities in Beaumont, Texas, one of which also produces ammonia. The transaction also includes a low-carbon methanol production and marketing business and a currently idled methanol facility in the Netherlands.

Methanol Market Trends

Rise of Carbon-Neutral/Green Methanol Production

The push toward sustainability and decarbonization has driven significant interest in carbon-neutral methanol, also known as green or renewable methanol. Traditionally, methanol is produced from fossil fuels like natural gas or coal, which leads to considerable COâ‚‚ emissions. However, carbon-neutral methanol is synthesized using captured carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) from industrial emissions or directly from the atmosphere, combined with green hydrogen produced via electrolysis powered by renewable energy sources.

• For instance, in 2023, the German government significantly bolstered the methanol fuel industry, particularly green methanol, as part of its energy transition and climate goals. A flagship initiative was the Leuna100 project, launched in August 2023 at the Leuna Chemical Park. The project is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Digital Affairs and Transport (BMDV) with a total of USD 11.23 million. over the next three years. The government initiatives will drive the demand for methanol in future.
• The IRA’s Clean Fuel Production Tax Credit (Section 45Z) lowers green methanol costs, enabling SunGas to secure a USD 9 billion investment for six plants. Meanwhile, WasteFuel’s backing from BP and Maersk reflects corporate confidence in methanol’s market potential, with S&P Global forecasting U.S. methanol demand in shipping to hit 2.5 million mt by 2030 (up from 94,700 mt in 2022).

Methanol as a Bridge to Hydrogen Economy

Methanol offers a practical solution because it can serve as a hydrogen carrier; it is liquid at ambient temperature and pressure, making it easier and safer to store, handle, and transport compared to gaseous hydrogen. Through a process called methanol reforming, hydrogen can be efficiently extracted at the point of use, allowing for decentralized hydrogen production. This makes methanol especially attractive for fuel cell applications in transportation and portable energy systems.

• For instance, in March 2025 a German start-up now aims to revolutionize the industry. In the southern-German city of Mannheim the first production facility of its kind in the world, using wastewater to produce clean methanol. The plant converts biogas from the local water treatment facility with the use of green hydrogen into methanol. The German government subsidizes the facility with a small grant of USD 2.2 million. The initiatives taken by the Government of will boost the demand for e-methanol in the future.
• In May 2024, Carbon Recycling International (CRI) launched a pioneering renewable energy plant in North America, utilizing its ETL technology to produce eco-friendly hydrogen-methanol from captured CO2 and renewable hydrogen. This project, supported by clean energy firms like Jiangsu Dafu and Guangdong Hydro Power, highlights the region’s leadership in innovative methanol production methods.

Methanol Market Growth Factors

Federal Incentives for Biofuel and Clean Energy Development

Governments across the globe, particularly in regions like North America, Europe, and parts of Asia, are actively promoting alternative fuels to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reliance on fossil fuels. Methanol, being a cleaner-burning fuel that can be produced from renewable resources such as biomass or even captured carbon dioxide, fits well within the framework of national and international clean energy strategies. Various federal policies, tax credits, subsidies, and research grants are encouraging industries to invest in methanol production and integration.

• According to the U.S. Renewable Diesel Fuel and Biofuels Plant Production Capacity report, as of January 1, 2023, the United States had 17 operating renewable diesel production facilities in 12 states with a combined production capacity of about 3 billion gallons per year. Two of these facilities are former petroleum refineries converted to processing biofuels.
  • In 2022, U.S. renewable diesel production was about 1.5 billion gallons and consumption were about 1.7 billion gallons, which included about 0.3 billion gallons of imports. California uses most U.S. renewable diesel fuel imports.

Moreover, the U.S. commitment to net-zero emissions by 2050, alongside state-level mandates, is pushing industries to adopt low-carbon fuels like methanol, especially green methanol derived from renewable sources.

• The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) of 2022 provides tax credits such as the Clean Hydrogen Production Tax Credit (up to USD 3/kg) and the 45Q Carbon Capture Credit (USD 85/mt for stored CO2), directly supporting e-methanol and bio methanol projects.

Increasing Adoption in Heavy-Duty and Marine Transport

Traditional fuels like diesel and heavy fuel oil are under growing scrutiny due to their environmental impact, especially in sectors with high emissions. Methanol offers a viable alternative, as it emits significantly lower levels of NOx, SOx, and particulate matter, making it attractive for regulatory compliance and sustainability goals. In Asia Pacific, methanol is increasingly viewed as a cleaner alternative to traditional fossil fuels, particularly in transportation and marine applications. This trend is fuelled by regulatory pressures and a shift toward decarbonization.

• For instance, in March 2025, Hyundai Merchant Marine (HMM) announced the acquisition of Korea's first methanol-powered container ship, "HMM Green," on March 25. This 9,000 TEU vessel is part of HMM's ambitious plan to achieve carbon neutrality by 2045, reflecting broader industry trends and national priorities in South Korea. In February 2023, HMM placed an order for nine eco-friendly ships, including seven from HD Hyundai Samho and two from HJ Shipbuilding. HMM Green utilizes bio-methanol produced from waste resources like scrap tires, which can reduce carbon emissions by over 65%, sulfur oxides (SOx) by 100%, and nitrogen oxides (NOx) by up to 80% compared to traditional fossil fuels.
• Additionally, in November 2024, the Hong Kong and China Gas Company Limited (Towngas) and Chimbusco Pan Nation Petro-Chemical Company Limited (CPN) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU). Both parties agreed to establish a long-term partnership to jointly develop domestic and international green methanol marine fuel markets and promote the maritime industry’s green transition that will trigger the demand the green methanol in China and Hon Kong.

Market Restraints

Economic Disadvantages of Cheaper Fossil Fuels

Brazil, while known for its progressive stance on biofuels like ethanol, faces challenges when it comes to the commercial viability of methanol, particularly green methanol derived from biomass or renewable energy. The primary issue lies in the cost competitiveness; fossil fuels such as natural gas and gasoline remain considerably cheaper in Brazil, making them more attractive for industrial and transportation applications. This price gap makes it difficult for methanol producers to gain market traction, especially without strong governmental subsidies or incentives to promote cleaner fuels.

• For instance, in 2023, the Brazilian Sugarcane Industry Association (UNICA) reported that ethanol uses in flex-fuel cars reduced greenhouse gas emissions by 48% compared to gasoline, reinforcing its preference over methanol. Additionally, in early 2024, the reinstatement of PIS/COFINS taxes on ethanol (at Real 131.9/cu m) versus higher taxes on gasoline (Real 790/cu m) kept ethanol competitively priced, sidelining methanol’s potential as an alternative fuel.
• By 2025, with corn-based ethanol production rising (e.g., 5.25 billion liters in Center-South Brazil from January-November 2024, a 30% increase from 2023), methanol struggles to penetrate the fuel market, limiting its growth in Brazil.

Market Opportunity 

Growth in Methanol as a Low-Emission Aviation Fuel

As global pressure intensifies to decarbonize the aviation sector—a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions—methanol is gaining attention as a viable alternative to conventional jet fuels. Unlike traditional aviation fuels, methanol can be produced from renewable sources such as biomass, municipal waste, and captured COâ‚‚ combined with green hydrogen, offering a cleaner, more sustainable energy pathway. Its combustion emits significantly less COâ‚‚, NOx, SOx, and particulate matter, aligning with global environmental regulations and the aviation industry's net-zero emission targets by 2050.

The "Energy Strategy 2050", the UAE's first unified energy strategy based on supply and demand dynamics, aims to significantly enhance the role of clean energy in the country's total energy mix. The strategy targets an increase in clean energy contribution from 25% to 50% by 2050, while also working to cut the carbon footprint of power generation by 70%. Additionally, it focuses on improving energy consumption efficiency for both individuals and corporations by 40%.

• As part of its sustainable energy transition, the UAE plans to meet 1% of international aviation fuel demand with e-kerosene (a type of sustainable aviation fuel or SAF) by 2030, with this share rising to over 50% by 2050. Similarly, the country aims to boost production of green and blue ammonia or methanol, key fuels for decarbonizing international shipping, from 1% in 2030 to 75% in 2050.
• Moreover, the country is focusing on sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) and has a target of 1% SAF blending in aviation fuel by 2031, aiming for 700 million litres of SAF production by 2030, and 10-12 billion litres by 2050. They are exploring various feedstocks, including waste cooking oil and algae, and are investing in SAF production and infrastructure.

Regional Insights

Asia Pacific: Dominant region 

The Asia Pacific region is a powerhouse for the methanol market, driven by rapid industrialization and energy demands. China dominates, with companies like Yankuang Energy Group expanding methanol production to meet needs in construction, automotive, and chemical sectors.

The Chinese government has already implemented the methanol vehicle pilot program, which is led by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT). The 10-city, 5-province pilot program included over 1,000 vehicles running on neat methanol or M100, and the pilot fleet accumulated nearly 200 million kilometers of operation using 24,000 tons of methanol.

Japan, which is the home to several major automotive manufacturers, including Toyota, Suzuki, Kawasaki, Honda, Yamaha, and Nissan, plans to develop vehicles that run on methanol fuel. Japan’s National Energy Strategy aims to decrease reliance on gasoline from 50% to 40% by 2030 and improve energy efficiency by 30% by replacing 20% of transportation fuel with alternative options such as methanol.

India is emerging as a significant market, with government initiatives promoting methanol as a cleaner fuel alternative, for instance, in 2021, the Indian government has proposed five methanol plants based on high ash coal, five Di-Methyl Ether (DME) plants, and one natural gas-based methanol production plant with a capacity of 20 MMT/annum, in a joint venture with Israel, have been planned to be set up.

Europe: Fastest growing region 

Europe has well- developed chemical and energy sector and is regarded as one of the most aggressive advocates for shifting energy systems away from fossil fuels and leads the continent in emissions reduction targets and investments in renewable energy supplies. Several key factors are propelling the growth and adoption of methanol in Europe, particularly in its renewable forms: -

• The European Union’s Green Deal and Fit for 55 packages, launched in July 2021, set ambitious targets to reduce carbon emissions by 55% by 2030 and achieve climate neutrality by 2050. These policies encourage methanol as a low-carbon fuel, especially in transport. For instance, the Methanol Institute has advocated for recognizing renewable methanol’s role in these frameworks, driving its adoption across sectors.
• The maritime sector, responsible for 3-4% of EU CO2 emissions in 2021, is under pressure to decarbonize. Methanol is gaining traction as a viable alternative fuel due to its lower emissions profile. Maersk’s investment in methanol-powered ships, supported by facilities like Kassø, is a direct response to this driver, aligning with the International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) 2020 sulfur regulations and EU maritime goals.

Methanol Market Country Insights

The Methanol market is experiencing dynamic growth and diversification across the globe, with each county contributing uniquely to the advancement of this transformative field.

• U.S.- The U.S. production of methanol is catered by natural sources in the U.S. Gulf Coast. Several methanol production plants spread across the geography include the 1.6 million tons/year Koch plant in Louisiana, followed by the 1.1 million tons/year Natgasoline plant in Beaumont, Texas, and others such as the 1.5 million tons/year Fairway plant in Clear Lake.
• Canada -As per Government of Canada, the chemical manufacturing subsector in Ontario produced USD 10 billion in gross domestic product (GDP) in 2023, representing 11.3% of the overall manufacturing GDP in the province, or 1.3% of Ontario ‘s total GDP. Ontario is responsible for about 45% of Canada ‘s total chemical manufacturing GDP. Methanol thus has a higher demand in this region.
• China- China is laying more emphasis on the development of new methanol units as in 2023 alone, newly added methanol units included 2.4 million tons from Baofeng, 800,000 tons from Hualu Hengsheng (Jingzhou), 600,000 tons from Inner Mongolia Guangju New Materials, 550,000 tons from Inner Mongolia Junzheng Chemical, and 400,000 tons from Alxa League Shanghai Mongolia Energy. It is expected to add 7.85 million tons of production capacity in 2024, including 6.6 million tons from Inner Mongolia Baofeng, 550,000 tons from Inner Mongolia Junzheng, 300000 tons from Henan Jinkai Chemical, and 400000 tons from Ningxia Guanneng.
• Japan- Japan had implemented the first successful production of Methanol from Municipal solid waste. Mitsui & Co., Ltd. and Celanese Corporation succeeded in converting COâ‚‚ recovered from waste incineration exhaust gas into methanol in a demonstration test of the CCU (Carbon dioxide Capture and Utilization) process.
  • For instance, in 16th Jan 2024 Fairway Methanol LLC, a US-based 50-50 joint venture between Mitsui & Co., Ltd. and Celanese Corporation, a global specialty materials and chemical company, has begun the production of methanol by using carbon dioxide captured from Celanese’s Clear Lake, Texas site. Fairway Methanol is expected to capture 180,000 metric tons of CO2 and produce 130,000 metric tons of low-carbon methanol per year, which leads its annual production capacity to 1.63 million metric tons per year.
• India- India stands as a pivotal market in the Methanol market in the Asia Pacific region next to China. The NITI Aayog is the apex public policy think tank of the Government of India and the nodal agency tasked with catalyzing economic development Initiatives like the 'Methanol Economy' program, which is aimed at reducing India's oil import bill, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and converting coal reserves and municipal solid waste into methanol.
  • For instance, the apex body proposes blending 15% methanol in gasoline, which can ultimately result in at least a 15% reduction in the import of gasoline/crude oil. In addition, this would bring down GHG emissions by 20% in terms of particulate matter, NOx, and SOx, thereby improving the urban air quality. The estimated proposal will have a cost saving of USD 733 million by blending 20% DME (Di-methyl Ether, a derivative of methanol) in LPG.
• Australia- Australia is also laying emphasis on the production of green methanol with cross-country technology transfer agreements. In a recent advancement, the Hamburg-based Mabanaft received approval to build a new green methanol plant in Port Augusta, located in southern Australia, where Mabanaft will collaborate with renewable energy company Vast, to build this plant, known as SM1.
  • For instance, Hamburg-based energy company Mabanaft has received grant approval from the German Projektträger Jülich for the potential construction of a new green methanol plant with a capacity of approximately 7,500 tons per year and a 10 MW electrolyzer in Port Augusta, South Australia. At the same time, the Australian government, through the Australian Renewable Energy Agency, has pledged to support the project equivalent to approximately USD 13.39 million after it was selected as a part of the German Australian Hydrogen Innovation and Technology Incubator, known as 
• UK- As per Government of UK in 2023, 133 thousand hectares of agricultural land in the UK was used to grow crops for bioenergy. This area represents 2.2% of the arable land in the UK. Moreover, 36% of land used for bioenergy was for biofuel (biodiesel and bioethanol) in the UK road transport market. Around 153 million litres of biofuel for the UK road transport market were produced from UK grown crops.

• Germany- In 2023, the German government significantly bolstered the methanol fuel industry, particularly green methanol, as part of its energy transition and climate goals. A flagship initiative was the Leuna100 project, launched in August 2023 at the Leuna Chemical Park. The project is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Digital Affairs and Transport (BMDV) with a total of USD 11.23 million. over the next three years. The government initiatives will drive the demand for methanol in future.

Feedstock Insight

Natural gas is one of the primary feedstocks for methanol production due to its abundance and cost-effectiveness. The methanol produced with natural gas as a feedstock is referred to as grey methanol. The availability of shale gas and advancements in extraction technologies have significantly boosted the production of methanol from natural gas due to the ease of conversion either to hydrogen or to syngas. Moreover, regions rich in natural gas reserves, such as North America and the Middle East, dominate the market for methanol derived from natural gas. The utilization of natural gas as a feedstock element in the production of methanol is usually carried out by either partial oxidation or steam reforming.

• For instance, Russia is the world’s second-largest producer of natural gas (major feedstock for methanol), behind the United States, and has the world’s largest gas reserves, estimated at 1,688 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) as of January 1, 2024. This is about one-quarter of the world's total reserves as per International Energy Agency. Moreover, the country’s natural gas revenues account for about 52% of the federal budget.

Application Insight

Formaldehyde dominates with the largest market share globally. Formaldehyde and formalin are widely used to manufacture household products, home-building materials, and for sterilization on farms. Formaldehyde finds application in a wide range of industrial uses. It is a gas at room temperature and can be produced by many processes, including a direct combination of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, reducing sugars with formic acid, and oxidation of methanol with potassium permanganate.

• For instance, as per the European Chemical Industry Council, European Union (EU) is the second largest producer of formaldehyde after Asia, producing over 4 million tons of formaldehyde (100% concentration) each year, which accounts for about 30% of the global production. Annual sales of formaldehyde-based chemicals in Europe are roughly USD 9.5 billion a year and formaldehyde production are present in 22 of the 27 EU Member States. Germany, is the largest formaldehyde producer in Europe, followed by UK.

Company Market Share

Global companies like Methanex, Proman, SABIC, OCI Global, etc. are categorized as market leaders due to their dominant market share, extensive production capabilities, financial strength, and strategic vision for growth. They are well-positioned to meet the rising global demand for methanol and are investing in new technologies and markets to maintain their competitive edge.

Global companies like Atlantic Methanol, Metafrax Group, Petronas are categorized as prominent regional players owing to their notable production capacities, strategic geographical presence, strong financials, and clear plans for future growth. They play a vital role in the methanol market, bridging the gap between the largest producers and smaller, niche players.

Equinor: An emerging player in the Methanol market

Equinor ASA, formerly known as Statoil, is a leading international energy company headquartered in Stavanger, Norway, with operations in more than 30 countries worldwide. Founded in 1972 and majority-owned by the Norwegian state, Equinor has evolved from a traditional oil and gas producer into a broad energy company with a strong commitment to sustainability, low-carbon solutions, and energy transition. With deep industrial experience in oil and gas exploration, development, and production, Equinor remains a key supplier of energy to Europe, particularly in natural gas and offshore oil fields. At the same time, the company is significantly expanding its portfolio in renewables, including offshore wind, solar, and carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies. Equinor aims to become a net-zero company by 2050, including emissions from both operations and the energy it sells, and has set ambitious interim targets for 2030 and 2040.

Recent developments by Equinor:

• In February 2024, Deepak Fertilisers and Petrochemicals Corporation Ltd (DFPCL) signed a 15-year agreement with Equinor ASA for an annual supply of up to 0.65 million tonnes of LNG, starting in 2026, to secure a reliable feedstock for ammonia and methanol production.

Recent Developments

• November 2024: The facility will initially produce 200,000 tonnes of e-methanol to support the decarbonization of maritime transport and other high-emission and hard-to-abate industries.
• October 2024: Lhyfe and Elyse Energy to develop the production of e-methanol from green renewable hydrogen at the Montoir-de-Bretagne site within the port of Nantes Saint-Nazaire. Lhyfe presented its plans to build an industrial unit with a renewable green hydrogen production capacity of up to 85 tonnes per day (installed electrolysis capacity of 210 MW), in Montoir-de-Bretagne, to the north of the Multivrac terminal, by 2028.
• March 2024: Australian industrial project developer ABEL Energy is accelerating the potential construction of a USD 1.7 billion methanol manufacturing plant on 16-22 hectares of land at the Cleveland Bay Industrial Park located in the Townsville State Development Area to produce 400,000 tonnes per annum of green methanol. A final investment decision (FID) is expected by the end of 2027, with operations commencing in 2029.
• February 2024: Lake Charles Methanol II, LLC, a Los Angels, U.S. based Methanol manufacturing company, announced a USD 3.24 billion investment to build a new facility at the Port of Lake Charles. The production process produces low-carbon intensity methanol and other chemicals using advanced auto thermal gas reforming technology, coupled with carbon capture and secure geologic storage to produce low-carbon hydrogen.
• January 2024: Fairway Methanol LLC, which is a joint venture between Mitsui & Co., Ltd. and Celanese Corporation, started the production of methanol using COâ‚‚ emissions from nearby plants. The venture aims to capture 180 thousand metric tons of COâ‚‚ annually, producing 130 thousand metric tons of low-carbon methanol and increasing its total annual capacity to 1.63 million metric tons.
• September 2023: OCI Global, the world’s prominent producer of green methanol, has announced plans to double its green methanol production capacity to approximately 400,000 metric tons per year in response to the growing demand for green methanol from numerous high-emission industries, including road transport, shipping, and industrial.
• July 2023: SunGas, a Houston-based company, plans to build six biomethanol plants, each producing around 400,000 mt/year from forestry and wood residues. Their first plant near Beaver Lake, Louisiana, is slated for commissioning in 2027, with a USD 9 billion total investment.The company integrates carbon capture to achieve negative carbon intensity and has committed all production to A.P. Moller-Maersk, a major shipping firm transitioning to methanol-powered vessels.

Analyst Opinion

The global methanol market is experiencing a steady transformation, driven by its growing application across various industries and its role in supporting the energy transition. Methanol is being increasingly used as a feedstock in the production of formaldehyde, acetic acid, and olefins, which are essential in manufacturing plastics, paints, adhesives, and textiles. The energy sector is also exploring methanol as an alternative fuel due to its cleaner-burning properties compared to conventional fossil fuels. Demand is being influenced by stricter environmental regulations and a gradual shift toward low-emission fuels, especially in regions such as Asia-Pacific, where industrial growth and urbanization are ongoing.